Scientists and their Moral Responsibility

During TOK we had a debate based on creators and whether or not they're responsible for their creations. I started wondering whether they should be held responsible for the externalities caused by their creations. The question I'll be addressing is "are scientists morally responsible for the application of their discoveries?"

The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki are the most well-known illustration of this problem. Shouldn't the scientists have known better than to work on the bomb's development? This subject is addressed in Frederic Brown's "The Weapon" published in 1951.  It ends with the line, “Only a madman would give a loaded gun to an idiot.”

Is Brown's proposal correct? Should scientists be on a higher level than the general public and be the first to predict the catastrophic consequences of the atomic bomb? The scientists were well aware that the atomic bomb would be the ultimate weapon, and they carried out test runs with it. They had every opportunity to stop this project.

Or are scientists just accountable for the atomic bombs' operation and not for what happens afterward? It was US President Harry Truman who gave the order to drop the bomb, not a scientist. The actual bomb was dropped by a bombardier onboard the Enola Gay, not by a scientist.

In my opinion, if the risk is anticipated then the scientists must take responsibility for their creation. Scientists should be able to foresee possible outcomes and if they decide to accept the risk of something to go wrong, they should also accept moral responsibility of outcomes. 

An accident or a miscalculation is different than knowing the possibility of something to go wrong and allowing it happen anyway.